Political leaders in Greenland have agreed to form a broad four-party coalition government, in a show of national unity before US vice-president JD Vance arrives on the island for an unsolicited and controversial visit.
In a rebuke to the Trump administration and its public campaign to gain control of Greenland, four of the territory’s five parties signed the coalition agreement on Friday, which states on page one: “Greenland belongs to us.”
After a week of heightened tension, amid already strained relations between the US, Greenland and Denmark as a result of Donald Trump’s repeated threats to acquire Greenland, the vice-president and his wife, Usha, were due to arrive at the US military base of Pituffik, in northwest Greenland, on Friday afternoon local time.
Expected to accompany them were Trump’s national security adviser Mike Waltz, who is at the centre of the embarrassing Signal message group security breach, his wife Julia Nesheiwat, the energy secretary, Chris Wright, and senator Mike Lee.
Writing on social media before his plane landed, JD Vance said: “We’re on our way and looking forward to it!”
The White House said Vance would address Danish treatment of Greenlanders and Arctic security in his speech.
“Unfortunately, Danish leaders have spent decades mistreating the Greenlandic people, treating them like second class citizens and allowing infrastructure on the island to fall into disrepair,” a senior White House official told Fox News.
Greenland, a former Danish colony, is a semi-autonomous territory within the kingdom of Denmark, with its foreign and security policies run by Copenhagen.
Earlier in the week, the Danish prime minister, Mette Frederiksen, accused the US of putting “unacceptable pressure” on Greenland and Denmark to give up the territory – vowing: “It is pressure that we will resist.”
On Thursday Trump renewed his vow to take control of the island: “We need Greenland for national security and international security. So we’ll, I think, we’ll go as far as we have to go. We need Greenland. And the world needs us to have Greenland, including Denmark. Denmark has to have us have Greenland. And, you know, we’ll see what happens. But if we don’t have Greenland, we can’t have great international security.”
The US delegation took off from Maryland and were due to fly directly to the ice-locked American military base, built after a 1951 defence agreement between Denmark and the US – with no further stops on the island now planned by the vice-president or his wife.
The delegation’s plans were hastily rescheduled just days before to cut out visits to the capital, Nuuk, and a dog sled race in Sisimiut after widespread outrage in Nuuk and Copenhagen over the unsolicited trip. Originally the second lady was scheduled to travel without the vice-president.
Under the changed plans, understood to include a “traditional” troop visit, Vance was expected to make an address from the base at 5.45pm GMT.
The Greenlandic government’s coalition agreement was signed on Friday after all but one of the parties reached a deal with the ruling party, the Democrats, which received the most votes in the 11 March election, on Thursday. The most US-friendly party Naleraq, which came second in the election, left the talks on Monday, and will not be part of the coalition.
The first page of the coalition agreement states that “no one” should have any doubt that “Greenland belongs to us.”
“We decide our own future. We must choose our partners ourselves. And we are the ones who dictate the pace in this regard,” it reads.
“We must show the world that we are a people and a country that stands together in prosperity and adversity. Our unity as a people must always outweigh political disagreements in individual areas.”
In response to a reporter’s question about Vance, the new prime minister, Jens-Frederik Nielsen, said the US had not shown respect for Greenland. “JD Vance is landing at a facility that is theirs [the US base]. This whole situation of coming to visit when there is no government in place, we insist, is not showing respect for an ally. It’s a shame, but now we have a government that needs to get its act together,” he said.
Frederiksen congratulated Greenland’s new prime minister, saying: “I wish Jens-Frederik Nielsen and the rest of the Greenland Government all the best for your work and for Greenland.
“And I look forward to close cooperation in an unnecessarily conflict-filled time. Strong with a broad government and unity between different political parties. You show the strength of democracy.”
The Danish King Frederik said: “There should be no doubt about my love for Greenland, and my connection to the Greenlandic people is intact.”
The new coalition has also stated that it will work to significantly increase Greenland’s self-determination. “A clear roadmap must be drawn up as soon as possible for which areas it is realistic to take back, after which the process must be initiated,” it stated.
The former Greenlandic prime minister, Múte B Egede, leader of Inuit Ataqatigiit, who will now be minister for finance and taxes, said that it is only together that Greenland can “meet the great pressure from outside”.
The leader of Siumut, Vivian Motzfeldt, said: “We have listened to the Greenlandic population. We have listened to the need for us to be united as the Greenlandic population. We must be able to look forward and not get stuck in the past.”
She added: “It is important that we gather our strengths, our identity and our culture.”